Bibliography

This bibliography includes scholarly works on P. T. Barnum, nineteenth-century New York City, and some famous exhibits and attractions that appeared at the American Museum between 1843 and 1865.

General Nineteenth Century New York and Barnum's Museum

Bluford Adams, "'All Things to All People': P. T. Barnum in American Culture," in E Pluribus Barnum: The Great Showman and the Making of U.S. Popular Culture (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997).

William T. Alderson, ed., Mermaids, Mummies, and Mastodons: The Emergence of the American Museum (Washington, D.C.: American Association of Museums, 1992).

Phineas Taylor Barnum, The Life of P. T. Barnum, Written by Himself (New York: Redfield, 1855).

Phineas Taylor Barnum, Struggles and Triumphs or, Forty Years' Recollections of P. T. Barnum Written by Himself (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1981; abridgement of 1869 edition: NY: American News Company, 1871).

Robert Bogdan, Freak Show: Presenting Human Oddities for Amusement and Profit (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988).

Peter Buckley, "To the Opera House : Culture and Society in New York City, 1820-1860" (Ph.D. dissertation, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 1984).

Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace, Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999).

James W. Cook, The Arts of Deception: Playing with Fraud in the Age of Barnum (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001)

__________, "Mass Marketing and Cultural History: The Case of P. T. Barnum," American Quarterly, 51:1 (March 1999).

Andrea Stulman Dennett, Weird and Wonderful: The Dime Museum in America (New York: New York University Press, 1997).

Neil Harris, Humbug: The Art of P.T. Barnum (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973).

Philip B. Kunhardt, Jr., Philip B. Kunhardt III, and Peter W. Kunhardt, P. T. Barnum: America's Greatest Showman (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1995).

Bruce A. McConachie, Melodramatic Formations: American Theatre and Society, 1820-1870 (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1992).

Constance Rourke, Trumpets of Jubilee (NY: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1927).

A. H. Saxon, P. T. Barnum: The Legend and the Man (New York: Columbia University Press, 1989).

A. H. Saxon, ed., Selected Letters of P. T. Barnum (New York: Columbia University Press, 1983).

Irving Wallace, The Fabulous Showman: The Life and Times Of P. T. Barnum (NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 1959).

M. R. Werner, Barnum (Garden City, NY: Garden City Publishing Co.,1927).

FeJee Mermaid

Kenneth S. Greenberg, "The Nose, the Lie, and the Duel," in Honor and Slavery: Lies, Duels, Noses, Masks, Dressing as A Woman, Gifts, Strangers, Humanitarianism, Death, Slave Rebellions, the Proslavery Argument, Baseball, Hunting, and Gambling in the Old South (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996).

Jan Bondeson, "The Feejee Mermaid," in The Feejee Mermaid and Other Essays in Natural and Unnatural History (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1999).

James W. Cook, "The Feejee Mermaid and the Market Revolution," in The Arts of Deception: Playing with Fraud in the Age of Barnum (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2000).

Jenny Lind

Peter Buckley, "Jenny Lind and the Rise of the Celebrity," in "To the Opera House: Culture and Society in New York City, 1820-1860" (Ph.D. dissertation, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 1984).

Bluford Adams, "The Jenny Lind Tour: 'Where's Barnum?'," in E Pluribus Barnum: The Great Showman and the Making of U.S. Popular Culture (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997).

Sherry Lee Linnkon, "Reading Lind Mania: Print Culture and the Construction of Nineteenth-Century Audiences," Book History 1.1 (1998): 94-106.

Jefferson Davis and "The Belle of Richmond" Story

Mark E. Neely, Jr., Harold Holzer, and Gabor S. Boritt, "The Belle of Richmond," in The Confederate Image: Prints of the Lost Cause (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1987).

Nina Silber, "Intemperate Men, Spiteful Women, and Jefferson Davis: Northern Views of the Defeated South," in The Romance of Reunion: Northerners and the South, 1865-1900 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1993).

Kenneth S. Greenberg, "Masks and Slavery," in Honor and Slavery: Lies, Duels, Noses, Masks, Dressing as A Woman, Gifts, Strangers, Humanitarianism, Death, Slave Rebellions, the Proslavery Argument, Baseball, Hunting, and Gambling in the Old South (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1996).

"Circassian Beauties"

Linda Frost, "The Circassian Beauty and the Circassian Slave: Gender, Imperialism, and American Popular Entertainment," in Freakery: Cultural Spectacles of the Extraordinary Body, Rosemarie Garland Thomson, ed. (New York: New York University Press, 1996).

Robert Bogdan, Freak Show: Presenting Human Oddities for Amusement and Profit (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1988).

Phrenology

Charles Colbert, A Measure of Perfection: Phrenology and the Fine Arts in America (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997).

Temperance

Ian R. Tyrrell, Sobering Up: From Temperance to Prohibition in Antebellum America, 1800-1860 (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1979).

Bluford Adams, "Barnum's Lecture Room: Excavating the Politics of the Moral Drama," in E Pluribus Barnum: The Great Showman and the Making of U.S. Popular Culture (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1997).

Bruce A. McConachie, "'We Will Restore You to Society,'" in Melodramatic Formations: American Theatre & Society, 1820-1870 (Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1992).

1864 Conspiracy

John Calvin Batchelor, American Falls (NY: W. W. Norton, 1985). Fiction

Nat Brandt, The Man Who Tried to Burn New York (Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1986).

Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace, Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999).

Joice Heth

Benjamin Reiss, The Showman and the Slave: Race, Death, and Memory in Barnum's America (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2001).

Benjamin Reiss, "P. T. Barnum, Joice Heth, and Antebellum Spectacles of Race," American Quarterly, 51:1 (March 1999).

Chang and Eng

Darin Strauss, Chang and Eng (NY: E. P. Dutton, 2000). Fiction

Mark Slouka, God's Fool (NY: Alfred A. Knopf, 2002). Fiction

John Kuo Wei Tchen, New York before Chinatown: Orientalism and the Shaping of American Culture, 1776-1882 (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999).